How long does probate take in the UK?

There is no single answer, but the stages are predictable, and knowing which stage you are in is usually enough to stop the process feeling endless.

The stages

First, gather the paperwork and value the estate — commonly four to eight weeks, longer if there are several accounts, pensions or a business. Then, if Inheritance Tax is due, HMRC has to be dealt with before the probate application can proceed. Then the application itself. Then collecting in the assets, settling debts and distributing what is left.

For a straightforward estate, several months from death to distribution is normal. A year is not unusual where a property has to be sold.

The fee

GOV.UK sets the probate application fee at £526 where the estate is over £5,000, with no fee for estates of £5,000 or less. Extra copies of the probate document cost £2 each if ordered with the application, or £16 each afterwards. Help with fees is available on low income or certain benefits.

What causes delay

Missing or unsigned original wills. Errors in names and dates on the application. Inheritance Tax not settled before applying. Assets abroad. Beneficiaries who cannot be traced. A caveat entered by someone disputing the estate.

What you can do while waiting

Keep paying buildings insurance and check the unoccupied-property terms. Keep the property secure and heated enough to avoid burst pipes. Keep a running record of estate income and expenses — you will need it to produce estate accounts at the end.

You do not have to use a solicitor. Many executors apply themselves. Use one when the estate is disputed, insolvent, includes trusts or business assets, or when you simply do not have the capacity to take it on.